One of the oldest spices used in flavouring. Warming and stimulating to body and mind.

Piper nigrum
Family: Piperaceae
Source: India
Precautions: Potential skin irritant – use in moderation
Method of use: Massage, Vaporization
Note: Middle
Blends well with: Basil, Bergamot, Eucalyptus, Geranium, Sandalwood, Ylang Ylang.
Traditionally used: Muscular aches and pain, poor ciculation, colds, flu and loss of appetite.